Pengaruh Kebijakan Industrialisasi Pemerintah Hindia Belanda di Gementee Blitar Terhadap Perkebunan Kopi Karanganjar Tahun 1906-1945

Abstract

Abstract

This research examines the influence of the Dutch East Indies Government's industrialisation policy in Gementee Blitar on Karanganjar Coffee Plantation in the period 1906-1945. A historical research approach was used to analyse primary and secondary sources, such as colonial archives, company reports, and newspaper articles. The findings show that the Dutch East Indies' industrialisation policy, based on the Decentralist Wet (1903), Agrarian Law (1870), and Sugar Law (1870), triggered economic transformation in Gementee Blitar. Rural industrialisation, particularly the plantation industry, developed rapidly in Blitar District, with a focus on the slopes of Mount Kelud and the Brantas Valley. The Karanganjar Coffee Plantation, owned by H. J Velsink, is one example that benefited from this policy. Infrastructure development, such as the Blitar-Kediri-Surabaya railway (1884), facilitated the distribution and export of robusta coffee, carnations and cloves produced by Karanganjar Coffee Plantation. This policy increased production and empowered the economy of the surrounding communities. Overall, industrialisation in Blitar, especially the plantation industry, triggered a significant transformation of the local economy. The Dutch East Indies policy, combined with infrastructure development, brought positive impacts to the regional economy, with Karanganjar Coffee Plantation as one example.